Newcastle upon Tyne (often shortened to Newcastle) is a city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear in North East England. Historically a part of Northumberland it is situated on the north bank of the River Tyne. The city developed in the area that was the location of the Roman settlement called Pons Aelius though it owes its name to the castle built in 1080 by Robert II Duke of Normandy the eldest son of William the Conqueror.
